PSG has now won the prestigious cup on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the final seconds to force the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.